Housing Finance in Togo
Overview
This profile is also available in French here.
To download a pdf version of the full 2022 Togo country profile, click here.
Togo’s population was predicted to be 8.5 million in 2021, expanding at a 2.3% annual pace. The urban population makes up 43% of the total population and is growing at a 3.7% annual rate.
Togo has recovered from the COVID-19 epidemic, but it, like the rest of the subregion, is dealing with an inflation issue brought on by the conflict in Ukraine, which has raised the price of particular needs. Togo’s economic growth rate in 2021 was 5.3%, up from 1.8% in 2020. The economic forecast for 2022 is positive, with 5.7% growth projected. However, the budget deficit remains problematic at 6.3% of GDP in 2021, compared to 6.9% in 2020. The state’s debt has increased, from 60.3% of GDP in 2020 to 64.7% of GDP in 2021, as a result of pandemic-related expenditure and a drop in state income as a result of weaker economic activity. In July 2022, the year-on-year inflation rate increased by 6.0%, owing mostly to increases in food costs of 7.6% and transportation prices of 11.8%.
Interest on bank deposits was 5.62%, with a real interest rate of 3.75%. At the bank level, nominal interest rates and credit rates were 7.60% and 5.70%, respectively. Only a dozen banks provide real estate loans, ranging from 7.75% for Orabank to 12% for the Togolese Bank for Trade and Industry.
Togo, like many other West African countries, experienced severe floods in 2010, and has taken significant steps to equip itself with disaster crisis-management instruments such as a National Platform for Disaster Risk Reduction, a National Civil Protection Agency, and the ongoing preparation of a national strategy for disaster risk reduction and post-disaster recovery (2022–2026).
To address its housing demands, Togo is searching for major investment and developers with viable business models. Despite the Togolese government’s political intent and the presence of certain developers and investors in the industry, the challenge of developing land and providing affordable homes remains unresolved. The Land and State Code, which became legislation in Togo in June 2018, is the cornerstone of this initiative. There have been developments to establish favourable circumstances for home investment. Despite the fact that the nation has been plagued by violent extremism since November 2021, there are indications of tremendous development in terms of decent governance.
Find out more information on the housing finance sector of Togo, including key stakeholders, important policies and housing affordability:
- Macroeconomic Overview
- Access to Finance
- Affordability
- Housing Supply
- Property Markets
- Policy and Legislation
- Opportunities
- Availabity of Data on Housing Finance
- Green Applications for Affordable Housing
- Websites
Each year, CAHF publishes its Housing Finance in Africa Yearbook. The profile above is from the 2022 edition, which has up-to-date profiles for 55 African countries.
Download yearbookTogo
Macroeconomic Overview
Although the Togolese government’s concern for social or affordable housing has been clearly expressed in several public policy documents in the sector since the 1970s, the issue remains unresolved and without a clear solution. Despite many instruments designed by the public authorities to solve the issue, none really seemed to meet expectations, and some have been abandoned. The Local Construction Centre (CCL) still exists but has achieved little. The unfortunate experience of housing banks in other countries such as Benin, Ivory Coast and Mali, has convinced Togo not to launch the same initiative, even if the Togolese Bank for Trade and Investment (BTCI) and the Caisse d’Épargne du Togo (CET) have tested without much success products such as housing savings for their clients. Similarly, private investors in the housing sector in Togo, despite their stated will, are struggling to propose effective solutions, in a country where almost one in two Togolese lives below the national poverty line and the urban population, already a high proportion of the total population, is growing fast. The Togolese population was estimated at 8.5 million inhabitants in 2021, growing at a rate of 2.3% per year. The urban population represents 43% of the total population and grows at an annual rate of 3. 7%.[1]
Togo has rebounded following the Covid-19 pandemic but must face like all the other countries of the sub-region, the inflation crisis caused by the war in the Ukraine which increased the price of necessities in particular. Togo’s economic growth was 5.3% in 2021, compared to 1.8% in 2020.[2] The economic outlook is good for 2022, with a growth projection of 5.7%. However, the fiscal deficit remains worrying at 6.3% of Gross Domestic Product (GDP) in 2021, compared to 6.9% in 2020. The State’s debt has deteriorated, from 60.3% of GDP in 2020 to 64.7% in 2021, due to spending in response to the pandemic and the decline in state revenues because of lower economic activity. The year-on-year inflation rate rose by 6.0% in July 2022, mainly due to the increase in the prices of food by 7.6% and transport by 11.8%.[3]
Following the re-election of the Head of State in February 2020, the country has set up a 2020-2025 Presidential Strategy, with three main strategic objectives. To bolster social inclusion and consolidate peace; boost job creation and build on the strengths of the economy; and to modernise the country and fortify its structures. The government’s commitment to enhance the supply of affordable housing is reflected in the strategy, with the announcement of a programme to build 20 000 social housing units by 2025, under the aegis of the Ministry of Urban Planning, Housing and Economic Reform. In addition, Togo’s National Development Plan (PND) 2018-2022 aims to use the housing programme to promote sustainable land use planning; promote access to decent housing at affordable costs for the most vulnerable; build up land or real estate reserves for social housing production; and use social housing as an economic driver.[4] To this end, several initiatives have been launched, notably with the support of Shelter Afrique and the Technical Assistance Programme for the Financing of Affordable Housing in the West African Economic and Monetary Union (WAEMU) area, financed by the World Bank.
Togo suffered severe floods in 2010, along with many other West African countries, and has taken serious steps to equip itself with disaster crisis- management instruments including a National Platform for Disaster Risk Reduction, a National Civil Protection Agency, as well as the ongoing preparation of a national strategy of disaster risk reduction 2022-2026 and a national strategy for post-disaster recovery. The national disaster risk-reduction strategy includes risk reduction in codes, standards, rules and plans for land use, town planning and construction.[5]
[1] World Bank (2022). World Development Indicators. Profile Pays Togo https://data.worldbank.org/indicator/ SP. Urb. TOTL. In. ZS ?locations=TG (visited August 30, 2022)
[2] World Bank (2022). The World Bank in Togo. https://www.worldbank.org/en/country/togo/overview (visited August 30, 2022)
[3] INSEED Togo (2022). National Harmonized Index of Consumer Prices (INHPC) For WAEMU Countries Togo – July 2022. https://inseed.tg/inflation-prix/ (visited August 30, 2022) Pg.1
[4] Government of the Togolese Republic (2018). National Development Plan (NDP) 2018-2022. 7 August 2018. Pg.48
[5] Government of Togo (2022). National Disaster Risk Reduction Strategy 2022-2026. Pg. 28.
Access to Finance
Access to finance in Togo is still relatively limited. According to the Findex 2021 report, one in two adults, but only 44% of women and 40% of poor adults have an account with a bank or microfinance structure.[1] The banking landscape in Togo includes 14 banks, including eight sub-regional banks (including the WAEMU Regional Mortgage Refinancing Fund – CRRH) and six international banks, as of 31 December 2021[2] and three financial institutions of a banking nature. Nevertheless, Togo does almost as well as countries with larger banking sectors such as Senegal or Ivory Coast, which are home to twice as many banking institutions.
The balance sheet total of banks operating in Togo was estimated at CFA3 945.9 billion (US$626 million) representing approximately 7.1% of the WAEMU banking market. These banks had a total of 1 331 766 bank accounts, 264 branches, offices and points of sale, and 333 ATMs as at 31 December 2021.[3] Long-term loans grew by 34.6% in 2021 compared to the previous year, compared to only 4.7% for short-term loans and 5.6% for medium-term loans.[4] On average, the portfolio of banks operating in Togo has improved, with a gross rate of portfolio degradation down 3.9 percentage points compared to 2020.[5]
The indicators for monitoring financial inclusion in Togo show good progress in recent years. The e-money segment offers the greatest opportunities for financial inclusion, especially for the poorest and most vulnerable. This segment relied on five banks issuing electronic money, in partnership with telecommunications operators or technical service providers in Togo, as of 31 December 2021.[6] The use of electronic money services in Togo was 95.84%, the highest in the WAEMU region, in 2020.
In addition, the geographical penetration of electronic money services (Number of electronic money service points per 1 000 km2) was 400.62, the third highest in the WAEMU zone.[7] In total, the overall geographical penetration of financial services (the number of financial service points per 1 000km2 total area) at 422.38 (third, behind Benin and Ivory Coast) is mainly driven by the penetration rate of electronic money services. The geographical penetration rate of microfinance services (the number of microfinance service points per 1 000km2 total area) was only 9.95. [8]
The nominal interest rate on deposits at bank level was 5.62% against a real interest rate (nominal interest rate on loans at bank level – inflation rate on average) of 3.75%. Nominal interest rates and credit rates at bank level were 7.60% and 5.70% respectively.[9]
Only a dozen banks operating in Togo offer real estate loans, with interest rates ranging between 7.75% for Orabank and 12% for the Togolese Bank for Trade and Industry. The product “Prêt Ma Maison” has the highest term, up to 25 years.[10]
Over the past decade, the WAEMU Regional Mortgage Refinancing Bank (CRRH) has become the main provider of long-term resources, which primary banks need to expand their mortgage offering. In addition to the bonds issued by the CRRH, it has benefited in recent years from financial partners such as the World Bank and the French Development Agency, with whom it has signed partnerships for refinancing primary banks.
Microfinance has so far made only a modest foray into the financing of real estate loans. Although the will exists and resources have been set aside, for example, by the Affordable Credit Financing Project, financed by the World Bank to facilitate the supply of real estate loans by the microfinance sector, financing operations are quite rare.
[1] Demirgüç-Kunt, A., Klapper, L., Singer, D., Ansar, S. (2022). The Global Findex Database 2021: Financial Inclusion, Digital Payments, and Resilience in the Age of COVID-19. Washington, DC: World Bank. https://www.worldbank.org/en/publication/globalfindex/Report Pg. 197
[2] BCEAO (2022). Report of the WAMU Banking Commission. https://www.bceao.int/sites/default/files/2022-08/Rapport%20annuel%202021%20de%20la%20Commission%20Bancaire.pdf (accessed August 30, 2022) Pg.53
[3] BCEAO (2022). Report of the WAMU Banking Commission. https://www.bceao.int/sites/default/files/2022-08/Rapport%20annuel%202021%20de%20la%20Commission%20Bancaire.pdf (visited on August 30, 2022) Pg.51
[4] BCEAO (2022). Report of the WAMU Banking Commission. https://www.bceao.int/sites/default/files/2022-08/Rapport%20annuel%202021%20de%20la%20Commission%20Bancaire.pdf (visited on August 30, 2022) Pg.204
[5] BCEAO (2022). Report of the WAMU Banking Commission. https://www.bceao.int/sites/default/files/2022-08/Rapport%20annuel%202021%20de%20la%20Commission%20Bancaire.pdf (visited on August 30, 2022) Pg.208
[6] BCEAO (2022). Report of the WAMU Banking Commission. https://www.bceao.int/sites/default/files/2022-08/Rapport%20annuel%202021%20de%20la%20Commission%20Bancaire.pdf (visited on August 30, 2022) Pg.100
[7] BCEAO (2022). Evolution of indicators for monitoring financial inclusion in the WAEMU for the year 2020. https://www.bceao.int/sites/default/files/2021-12/Evolution%20des%20indicateurs%20d%27inclusion%20financi%C3%A8re%20dans%20l%27UEMOA%20au%20titre%20de%20l%27ann%C3%A9e%202020.pdf (Accessed August 30, 2022) Pg.31
[8] BCEAO (2022). Evolution of indicators for monitoring financial inclusion in the WAEMU for the year 2020. November 2021https://www.bceao.int/sites/default/files/2021-12/Evolution%20des%20indicateurs%20d%27inclusion%20financi%C3%A8re%20dans%20l%27UEMOA%20au%20titre%20de%20l%27ann%C3%A9e%202020.pdf (Accessed August 30, 2022) Pg.30
[9] BCEAO (2022). Evolution of indicators for monitoring financial inclusion in the WAEMU for the year 2020. November 2021 https://www.bceao.int/sites/default/files/2021-12/Evolution%20des%20indicateurs%20d%27inclusion%20financi%C3%A8re%20dans%20l%27UEMOA%20au%20titre%20de%20l%27ann%C3%A9e%202020.pdf (Accessed August 30, 2022) Pg.37
[10] Bank of Africa Togo. A loan for My House. https://www.boatogo.com/particuliers/prets/pret-ma-maison/ (accessed August 30, 2022).
Affordability
Togolese household poverty remains a concern, particularly in rural areas where the incidence of poverty (58.8%) is double that in urban areas (26.5%). Poverty also affects women more than men, with 45.7% of households headed by women, compared with 42.5% headed by men, living below the poverty line. The Gini index, a measure of inequality, stands at 42.4% for Togo.[1]
Togo has a highly informal economy. Despite the efforts made by the government to formalise the sector, in particular through the Delegation to the Organization of the Informal Sector (DOSI), 93% of the citizens continue to operate in the informal sector, with low and uncertain incomes. Even in the formal sector, wages are low, with the monthly minimum wage set at CFA35 000 (US$55.55) for more than a decade, in the context of widespread price increases. For example, the annual inflation rate of the sub-index “Housing, water, gas, electricity and other fuels” of the Consumer Price Index rose by 5.7% at the end of July 2022. Similarly, the basic salary of a Category B manager at the first step of scale 3, corresponding to a teacher, is CFA86 772 (US$137.72).[2] The net income per capita was estimated at CFA519 163 (US$824) in 2020.[3] At the same time, the price of a bag of 50kg of cement has increased in price since 2021, and, bare land cost in 2020 was CFA 250 000/m2 (US$396.79/m2) on average in urban centers,[4] while the cheapest housing (a studio of 30m2) built by a real estate developer cost CFA11 500 000 (US$18 252.45). All this illustrates the problem of housing accessibility for low-income Togolese, especially in urban areas.
The National Housing and Urban Development Policy, the 2009 National Housing Strategy, the 2018-2022 National Development Plan, as well as the Government Roadmap 2020-2025 have all taken up the theme of housing accessibility, but tangible solutions remain elusive. Indeed, the rate of access to decent housing is estimated at 47.7% in 2015, with a target of reaching 70% in 2022.[5]
[1] https://data.worldbank.org/indicator/SI.POV.GINI?locations=TG (accessed August 30, 2022)
[2] Author’s estimate, based on the Salary Grid of the Togolese Civil Service available on the website: https://www.ilo.org/dyn/natlex/docs/ELECTRONIC/94277/110602/F-499698850/TGO-94277.pdf
[3] World Bank (2020). World Development Indicators. Adjusted net national income per capita (current US$) https://data.worldbank.org/indicator/NY.ADJ.NNTY.PC.CD?locations=TG (visited on August 30, 2022)
[4] What is the cost of one square meter in town in Lomé in 2022? https://www.combien-coute.net/prixm2-centre/togo/lome/#:~:text=En%20average%2C%20pour%20acqu%C3%A9rir%20un,en%20France%20(de%2082%25). (Visited August 30, 2022)
[5] Government of the Togolese Republic (2018). National Development Plan (NDP) 2018-2022.7 August 2018. Pg.149
Housing Supply
According to Togo’s National Development Plan (PND 2018-2022), the housing deficit is estimated at 500 000 housing units for the entire country in 2020. Indeed, it is estimated that the supply of housing will have increased by only 800 units between 2012 and 2020, to 12 800 in 2020. At the same time, demand for housing remained high compared to supply, standing at 144 000 dwellings in 2012, and 178 000 dwellings in 2020.[1] This demand is broken down into 47 000 housing units for the city of Lomé alone, 36 000 for other urban centres, and 95 000 for rural areas.[2]
Support mechanisms for the construction of decent housing have proven to be ineffective, with some even disappearing from Togo’s institutional landscape. Among those that have survived, namely the Centre for Construction and Housing (CCL) and the Special Fund for the Development of Housing (FSDH), under the Ministry in charge of urban planning, have had limited impact. Under these conditions, the supply of housing is dominated by self-construction and the use of the services of various builders and skilled workers, including real estate developers.[3]
Only a few developers produce more than a few dozen homes a year. The best known of these remains the National Social Security Fund (NSSF), which has historically been present in real estate development since the 1970s. It is currently piloting the housing project called Renaissance Residences, launched in 2017, with the aim of producing 594 homes of different ranges by the end of the project. Other players have entered the field, such as the SIPIM-Abri2000 consortium, promoter of the Mokpokpo City, which aims to build 1 000 housing units, mainly for state officials in Adidogomé. The consortium is about to complete another 234-unit construction project called Cité Mimosas in the Lankouvi district. More modest developers are active, such as the Confortis group, which launched the Wellcity project in Adétikopé, not far from the Plateforme Industrielle d’Adéticopé (PIA), the new special economic zone promoted by the Togolese government. The aim is to build a mini-city of 1 000 housing units. Another project worth noting is the Cité des Anges Project of 162 housing units and 40 apartments on an area of 10ha, launched in 2015 and promoted by the CCI Patrimoine Group.
All these initiatives are far from satisfying the government’s ambition, as expressed in its various policy documents, to increase access to social housing for the lowest incomes. That is why, while postponing the deadline to 2025, the government has stepped up efforts to make the 20 000 social housing project a reality. After signing a partnership and financing agreement with Shelter Afrique for the construction of a tranche of 3 000 housing units, and in 2021 reserving an area of 1 177ha of land for the 20 000 social housing programme, the government decided in 2022 to accelerate the concrete phase of production of housing on the identified pilot sites of Dalavé (Tonoukouti Avé Doumé) and Aflao Sagbado, with the support of the technical assistance program of the Affordable Housing Financing Project (ELAP) in the WAEMU zone, financed by the World Bank. In addition, discussions are underway with the World Bank Group’s International Finance Corporation (IFC) to identify new public-private partnership financing for the 20 000 social housing programme. Other financial partners such as the West African Development Bank (BOAD) and the African Development Bank (AfDB) have expressed interest in financing the programme.
[1] Government of the Togolese Republic (2018). National Development Plan (NDP) 2018-2022. 7 August 2018. Pg.47
[2] Government of the Togolese Republic (2018). National Development Plan (NDP) 2018-2022. 7 August 2018. Pg.47
[3] Government of the Togolese Republic (2009). National Housing Strategy 2009. Pg.35
Property Markets
Two main segments make up the Togolese real estate market. Essentially they are the production and sale of residential land through subdivisions, and transactions on land built for residential use. The latter is marginal, given the reality of the housing construction market in Togo. According to the National Housing Strategy, land supply is in surplus[1] compared to the demand for building land, the surplus being used mainly for land speculation. However, the demand for housing itself is high and was estimated at approximately 500 000 homes in 2020. With the growing population and the limited supply of housing by real estate developers, this demand should be reassessed. Indeed, it is estimated that the urban population is growing by 4.5% a year, while that of Lomé and its periphery by 5% a year[2].
The Togolese government has focused on new regulations to facilitate residential land transactions, including strengthening the Directorate of Cadastre and Land Conservation (DCCF); establishing the Cadastre of the city of Lomé, with the digitisation of all cadastral plans; important reforms such as the creation by Decree No. 2019-033/PR of the Single Land Window, streamlining land formalities for obtaining land title and codifying DCCF services; and simplifying ownership transfer formalities.
There is also a rental housing market, with the main players being homeowners and intermediary agents (referred to as direct sellers) between these owners and rental housing applicants. These direct sellers also act as intermediaries between real estate properties, built or not, and the buyers, against commission. Some real estate players in Togo have organised themselves under the National Association of Real Estate Developers of Togo (ANIT) and the Togolese Federation of Real Estate (FTI) and are now posing as interlocutors of the government on real estate and housing issues. The government has decided to better organise the rental housing sector, especially in the city of Lomé, through the adoption of Decree No. 2022-001/PR of 5 January 2022 regulating the deposit, the rent guarantee, and the residential lease.
[1] Government of the Togolese Republic (2009). National Housing Strategy 2009. Pg.31
[2] Government of the Togolese Republic (2018). National Development Plan (NDP) 2018-2022. Pg.46
Policy and Legislation
Since 2017, the country has adopted a National Housing and Urban Development Policy that guides government action in urban development and housing, with the vision of making Togo, by 2040, a country where human settlements are sustainable in a context of effective decentralisation and good governance.[1] The will displayed in the PNHDU has been reaffirmed through various other documents, such as the National Development Plan (NDP 2018-2022) and the Government Roadmap 2020-2025. The country has also adopted several other instruments such as the Urban Development Master Plan (SDAU) of Greater Lomé (composed of the Gulf Prefecture and that of Agoègnyivé) by 2035, accompanied by an Urban Planning Regulation. The NDP is supported in part by the Infrastructure and Urban Development Project (PIDU), funded by the World Bank. In addition, an Urban Planning Code is being prepared. Several policy implementation instruments have been developed over the years, with mixed fortunes. These include the Special Fund for the Development of Housing (FSDH) for financial support to real estate developers, and the Centre for Construction and Housing (CCL), under the Ministry in charge of Urban Planning and Housing, whose main mission is to lower the cost of housing construction by promoting local building materials.
The legal and regulatory framework has made a qualitative leap since the passing in June 2018 of the law on the Land and State Code of Togo. This law makes it possible to modernise land management in the country, but also to strengthen land security. The code contains specific provisions relating to expropriation in the public interest and co-ownership. Several other regulatory texts have been adopted since then, one of the most important being the Decree 2019-033, creating the Single Land Window, the central portal of land formalities.
More recently, the regulatory framework for residential rental housing has also been bolstered, with the adoption of Decree No. 2022-001/PR of 5 January 2022, regulating the deposit, the rent guarantee, and the residential lease to protect tenants and clean up the residential lease market.
Finally, several regulatory acts also exist, organising the various trades in the housing and urban planning sector. Similarly, there are several professional associations in Togo in the housing and construction sector, such as the National Order of Architects of Togo (ONAT).
[1] Government of the Togolese Republic (2015). National Housing and Urban Development Policy. Pg.17
Opportunities
Despite the political will of the Togolese government and the presence of some developers and investors in the sector, the problem of providing developed land and affordable housing remains unsolved. Togo is now looking for significant investment, and developers with viable economic models, if only to honor its already compromised promise to provide 20 000 social housing units by 2025, as indicated in the Government Roadmap 2020-2025. However, the country has undeniable assets in its business climate, with important reforms carried out in recent years, including boosting the legal and regulatory arsenal on land, the lynchpin of which is the Land and State Code, passed into law in Togo in June 2018. Since then, several implementing texts have been adopted to create favourable conditions for investment in the housing sector.
Similarly, a credit information office has been operating for several years now in Togo through the Creditinfo Group. Also, the launch of the Togo e-ID project is imminent, which is the priority project in the Togo Government Roadmap 2020-2025. The e-ID project aims to give each resident in Togo a basic digital identity allowing access to several services. The project is funded to the tune of CFA45 363.76 billion (US$72 million) by the World Bank and is part of the WURI (West Africa Unique Identification for Regional Integration and Inclusion) unique identification program. With these initiatives, conditions are gradually being created for the implementation of housing finance tools in Togo.
Although violent extremism has marred the country since November 2021, Togo remains one of the most politically stable countries in the West African sub-region, with significant progress in terms of good governance.
Availabity of Data on Housing Finance
The availability of data on the Togo housing sector is a major challenge. The main sector-specific data sources on housing in Togo are not available. The most recent study on the sector to understand public policy issues dates back to 2014, when the Central Bank of West African States (BCEAO) published the study on housing finance in the countries of the West African Economic and Monetary Union (WAEMU). This study remains the most comprehensive available to understand the financial challenges of housing finance in these countries. The BCEAO also produces annual data on the state of banks operating in the WAEMU area, as well as a number of indicators on microfinance and financial inclusion, in each of the eight WAEMU member countries.
Population data generally comes from the Institution National de la Statistique et des Etudes Economiques et demographics (INSEED), which is the authority for the production and dissemination of official statistics on poverty, population characteristics and urban development.
The CRRH regularly publishes on its website and in its financial reports, data on the resources available for mortgage refinancing by primary banks.
The cadastre data is available from the Directorate of Cadastre and Land Conservation, but access is subject to a fairly strict protocol.
Some real estate developers are open to providing information because they find in CAHF valuable exposure to other horizons.
Finally, the World Bank is a significant source of data
Green Applications for Affordable Housing
The relative recurrence of extreme weather events, such as floods and droughts, has led the Togolese authorities to take important prevention measures as well as measures for natural disaster risk management. These measures include the establishment of a national platform for disaster risk reduction, and the preparation of a national disaster risk reduction strategy (2022-2026), as well as a national strategy for post-disaster recovery (2022-2026). These provide for specific measures in the housing sector such as the integration of DRR disaster risk reduction into codes, standards, rules and land use, town planning, and construction plans. However, these regulations have yet to materialise in practice. Thus, neither green building standards nor a regulatory body for ecological standards for the building industry exist. The EDGE certification, little known by real estate investors, is therefore not yet in use. Meanwhile, the Centre for Construction and Development (CCL) under the Ministry of Town Planning and Housing has conducted research on the use of local materials for construction, which can be considered the only ongoing initiative of the promotion of green housing for low-income households. No bank operating in Togo offers green mortgages, and the concern for green housing is not yet integrated by real estate developers.
The main source of energy remains firewood, especially in rural areas, where the rate of access to electricity, according to the national development plan (PND 2018-2022), was low at 6% in 2016 (with the desire to increase it to 22% in 2022), against 35% at the national level, with the desire to increase this to 60% in 2022. Access to drinking water remains unevenly distributed in the country, with more than 80% of the urban population having access to a source of drinking water, compared to only 45% in rural areas, according to data from the National Development Plan – PND 2018-2022. Recent government initiatives such as the creation of the National Agency for Sanitation and Public Health (ANASAP) have improved access to sanitation, especially in Greater Lomé. Yet 60% of households still use private garbage collection services. In addition, approximately half of the inhabitants of Greater Lomé (45.6%) have access to flush toilets linked to a septic tank.
Websites
Information portal on building permits in Togo https://construireautogo.gouv.tg/
CNSS Togo Renaissance Residency Program https://www.r-renaissance.tg
Togo Credit Information Office https://uemoa.creditinfo.com/
Housing Construction Programme (Wellcity) of the Confortis https://wellcity.tg
Residences Les Mimosas https://sipim-abri2000.com/
Order of Surveyors of Togo http://www.ogtexperts.com/organisation
Ordre National des Architectes du Togo https://onatonline.org/
